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四级作文的结构和模式
在日常生活或是工作学习中，大家都写过作文吧，通过作文可以把我们那些零零散散的思想，聚集在一块。那要怎么写好作文呢？下面是小编收集整理的四级作文的结构和模式，欢迎大家分享。
1、问题解决型
问题解决型作文通常首先提出一个有待解决的问题，然后要求考生就问题提出解决方法、途径，有时还要求考生最后谈论适合自己的方法。
结构模式：
第一段：导言。描述现状、形式、苦难，提出问题。
第二段：方法。列举说明处理某事的方式或解决某个问题的途径。
第三段：评价、建议或个人选择。
针对第二段所阐述的方法给予简要的评论，也可提出个人建议或选择，并简述理由。
属于该模块的四级真题：
How I overcome difficulties in learning English.
Getting to know the world outside the campus。
How I finance my college education.
How to succeed in a job interview
本题型的写作重点在“how”,即解决办法。
请看范文:
How to eliminate fake diplomas
It is reported that flooding of fake diplomas is becoming a serious problem recently. When employers lay much emphasis on their candidates’ education background，different kinds of fake diplomas appear in society. It is unfair that one fails to get his job just because his rival has produced a fake diploma or certificate. Therefore, fake diplomas do obvious harm to the job market and fair competition between candidates.
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem，but the following ones may be most effective. First of all, companies universities should have a close contact so that the fake diplomas cannot play tricks. Besides, the one who fabricates the fake diplomas should be severely punished by law and totally exposed through media. Finally, the one who uses a fake diploma in finding jobs should be disqualified from the job market for at least three months. That may give a lesson to others.
These are not the best and the only three measures we can take, but it should be noted that we should take effective measures to eliminate the fake diploma and do everyone justice.
2、原因说明型
原因说明型作文通常先提出某个新的社会现象、变化、问题，要求考生分析该现象或变化产生的根源，并给与评论。该模块包括图表作文。
结构模式：
第一段：导言。描述现象、问题或变化（图表作文中，不要罗列数据，要重视数据变化，将数据分析回归后，在做归纳性阐述。
第二段：原因分析。运用因果法和列举法论述其中的原因或根源。
第三段：评述或预测。
对该对象、问题或变化进行简单的利弊评述或发展预测。
属于该模块的四级真题：
Changes in people’s diet.
The world is getting smaller and smaller.
Student use of computers.
本题型的写作重点在“why”，即原因阐述。
请看范文：
A boom in fast food
While the rhythm of people’s life is speeding up, a lot of changes have taken place in people’s dietary habit. Fast food restaurants such as McDonald’s, Kentucky, Timmy’s and the like are mushrooming everywhere and fast food is rapidly gaining its popularity all over the country.
There are several reasons why more and more people like to have fast food. Firstly, it can save time. A hamburger-lunch takes us no more than twenty minutes. We can even have it while working. For those salarymen, who believe in the saying that time is money, fast food is an ideal choice. Secondly, it is convenient. It is so simple to make that it can be made in wholesale to cater to the needs of more people. Thirdly, it is cheap in terms of price when compared with the food in Chinese restaurants. It is also noted for its high quality food, good sanitary condition and first-rate service.
The boom of fast food industry shows that it is popular, especially with the young generation. With fast food, people may have more spare time to reduce the pressure from work and life. It can also free people from the burden of housework. All in all, it suits the tastes of some people.
范文
2：
The changes in Chinese professions
As is shown in the charts, more than half of the Chinese were engaged in agriculture in the 1980’s, about twenty-seven percent were employed in manufacturing, while only one-fifth were working in the service industry. However, only 10 years later, in the 1990’s, great changes have occurred in the professional pattern in china, with a great increase in the people involved both in manufacturing and service and a corresponding shrinkage in agricultural population.
These dramatic changes can be explained by the traditional theory about a primitive economy. However, there are various other reasons for these changes. The most likely explanation is that the changes show the effects of more efficient farming and increased urbanization as a result of China’s open-door and economic reform policies. Besides, typical of china, a great number of farmers are now working in various small businesses without leaving their homes, which accounts mainly for the increase in manufacturing population. Again the economic policies result in an immense improvement in the Chinese people’s living standard, which creates a huge demand for service and thus enables the service industries to flourish and absorbs more and more people into these fields.
These changes signify the great achievements china has made. And they also mark a great leap forward on its way towards becoming a world’s economic power.
3、利弊分析型
利弊分析型作文通常要求考生就某一事物或社会现象的利与弊进行分析、阐述，最后以个人评论或观点为结论。
一般利弊分析型结构模式:
第一段：导言+优点。简述事物或现象并列举说明其优点。
第二段：缺点。列举说明其弊端（注意以表转折的过渡词引导）。
第三段：简要评论利弊关系或简述个人体会。
属于该模块的四级真题：
Positive and negative aspects of sports
本题型的写作重点在“advantages & disadvantages”，即利弊论述。
请看范文：
The positive and negative effects of computers
It is generally accepted that computers benefit human beings in many ways. But they have also caused many problems. Apparently, computers have both advantages and disadvantages.
Computers are being used more and more widely in the world today for the simplest reason that they are far more efficient than human beings. Computers have much better memories and can store huge amounts of information, and they can do calculations in a fraction of the time taken by a human mathematician. In fact，computers can do many of the things we do, but faster and better. They can pay wages, reserve seats on a place, control machines in factories, work out tomorrow’s weather，and even play chess, write poetry, or compose music. Nowadays, it is very convenient and economical to do anything on the internet, such as sending or receiving Email，shopping，advertising，making friends，and entertaining. The globe will be like an office or home. This is the unprecedented charm of the computer. In short, computers have been making the whole world much more advanced and civilized than ever before.。
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